Government Policies to Regulate Sex Tourism in Thailand Research Paper

Government Policies to Regulate Sex Tourism in Thailand - Research Paper Example Government Policies to Regulate Sex Tourism in Thailand Sex tourism gets its popularity from the acute unemployment and poverty in the destination country. Edwards (2012) argues that sex tourism is a multibillion dollar sector that offers support to an international workforce of over 50 million people. The sex industry also benefits the service industry including hotels, restaurants, airlines, and transport industries. Sex tourism is often associated with males and various nations have become preferred destinations for sex tourists, such as, Brazil, Thailand, Indonesia, and Colombia among others (Harrison, 2010). Among these nations, Thailand is at the center of sexual tourism worldwide with Pattaya, Bangkok, and Phuket the major sex tourism destinations. There are about 2 million sexual workers in Thailand. Of the 59 million Thai population, over a half a million people are infected with HIV/AIDS. This is primarily attributed to sex trade. In this perspective, the paper will discuss what the government of Thailand should do in relation to the continuing practice of sex tourism as a dominant form of tourism to its country. People who travel so as to engage in sexual activity are subject to the prostitution laws of that destination nation. However, when the sexual activity is non-consensual or involves child prostitution it is illegal both in the individual’s home country and the participating nation. Sex tourists interact indiscriminately with various sex partners of their choice irrespective of their age.

Impact of Tourism to Boracay Island Development Case Study

Impact of Tourism to Boracay Island Development - Case Study Example The question now lies on whether the advantages or the benefits afforded by tourism growth in Boracay outweigh the negative effects of having too many people on the island without adequate control measures. This paper will look into the social, economic, and environmental effects of tourism growth to the Boracay Island and its people. It will also deal with the Boracay preservation efforts by both private and government groups, and the applicable laws on environmental protection as implemented by Philippine government agencies. Social, Economic and Environmental Effects of Tourism on Boracay Island Tourism development in Boracay has generated both positive and negative effects on its environment, lifestyle, and people. The most obvious effect is the income generated not only by the island, but by the Philippines as a whole from the influx of foreign tourists and investments. The beauty of the island serves as the lighter or the positive side to the perceptions of other countries towards the Philippines. There are however adverse affects associated with tourism development in Boracay. In the social realm, the social experiences of the local people have changed in that they are now more exposed to frequent external visitors, both foreign and domestic. Their lifestyles including their social activities and livelihood have changed due to the modification of their environment from a sleepy rural town to a lively urbanized tourist destination. Conflicts are created within communities due to land being valuable. Property rights and land titles are being debated upon. There was clearly a lack of zoning or guidelines. Neighbors argue over their property limits. The poor become... Impact of Tourism to Boracay Island Development The island was placed under the management control of the Philippine Tourism Authority and land titles were forbidden. Active planning which was commenced in 1982 by the Philippine Tourism Authority utilized the services of a private company who developed a land use plan. This plan was called the Helberg plan which involved the establishment of control measures such as the 50 meter beach setback, use of native building materials, and height limitations (Trousdale, 1998). The Helberg plan up to this day was never implemented. This is just the beginning of the height of tourist or visitor traffic to the island. The succeeding years saw reorganizations, planning, forming of new regulations, implementations, and still a growing number of people visiting and settling in Boracay. The beauty of Boracay, its serenity, its culture, and its people need to be protected from environmental and health hazards because the island does not only generate revenue for both private individuals or companies and the Philippine government, but it provides a tranquil getaway and it is a source of pride for the Filipinos. Sustainable development is the key to preserving Boracay Island so it can be enjoyed and appreciated by future generations. No matter how big the revenue a resort or hotel owner gets, and how big the earnings of the government are, if Boracay becomes a health hazard and a major environmental concern, then businesses will collapse and the revenues earned will be useless.

Advertisement Analysis :: Marketing Advertising Business

Advertisement Analysis The United States has some of the most intelligent citizens and some of the most advanced technologies and medicine, yet our illiteracy rate has still not diminished. According to a recent government report form The National Institute for Literacy, â€Å"There are many adults with low literacy skills (approximately 44 million) who lack the foundation they need to find and keep decent jobs support their children’s education and participate actively in civic life†. This advertisement was done to inspire people, and perhaps specifically minorities, to read, by using a celebrity influence. This work shows that reading provides new ideas and a greater depth of knowledge, by utilizing deep space and contrast. The artist conveys his or her message by creating a deep and high space. One views this photograph from a very low vantage point, so we are looking up at essentially all of the objects in this work. The lines on the right wall are vertical,and point up to the bright light above. The line from that point travels back due to the other six light in the hallway. The lights hover in space like ideas over our heads. The fashion, in which they take your eye deep into the photograph, is like the path that a story leads us down, or the path of learning that our brain follows. This representation of deep spaceis symbolic of the vastness of information there is to be gained by reading. The artist uses high contrast to emphasize lightness and darkness. The fact that there are definite and distinct light and dark areas attract one to look at it. The highest contrast of value is the lightthat is furthest away. This extremity of white against black is the focal point of the piece, and aids in creating the depth. The contrast between light and dark, are symbolic of the contrast of ignorance and enlightenment. Another way the artist captures the idea of ignorance versus enlightenment is by having Whoopi Goldberg reading in a hallway. One does not generally associate hallways with open space, but because there are a series of doorways that run on the left side of the hall, it is as if it is saying there are multiple regions of information to discover. It represents one thought leading to another. Doorways in the hall eliminate the tension in the room and really help to open it up.

Disparate Treatment and Disparate Impact

Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act provides two primary theories of recovery for individuals—these are disparate treatment and disparate impact (sometimes labeled adverse impact). This section of the Civil Rights Code forbids job discrimination based on race, color, or national origin. Members of those â€Å"protected classes† cannot lawfully be denied employment opportunities merely because they are Native Americans, black, of Vietnamese ancestry, or white, for that matter (Paetzold, 2005, p. 330). Title VII made overt, blatant employment discrimination illegal. It enforced a legal theory of disparate treatment.Disparate treatment exists if an employer gives less favorable treatment to employees because of their race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. For example, a retail store that refused to promote black warehouse workers to sales positions, preferring white salespeople to serve predominantly white customers, would be guilty of this kind of discriminati on. Disparate treatment violates the plain meaning of Title VII. On the other hand, disparate impact is the discrimination caused by policies that apply to everyone and seem neutral but have the effect of disadvantaging a protected group.Such policies are illegal unless strongly job-related and indispensable to conduct of the business. Basically, the intention of Title VII was to create a level playing field by prohibiting all discrimination, given the entrenched prejudices of employers. Early disparate treatment law cases sometimes included direct evidence of this conscious hostility or intent to discriminate. Because perceivers can never know what another person actually thinks, the determination of intent required inferences arising from the other person's behavior. For example, in the early case of Slack v.Havens, (1975) four Black women claimed that they were illegally discharged because of their race when they refused to perform heavy cleaning duties that were not within their job description. Another coworker, a White woman, was excused from performing these duties. Their supervisor, Pohansky, who had ordered the women to do the heavy work, was known for making statements such as â€Å"Colored people should stay in their places† and â€Å"Colored folks are hired to clean because they clean better† (pp. 1092-1093). The court noted that these statements reflected ill motives for requiring the Black plaintiffs to perform the heavy cleaning.The statements were taken as â€Å"direct evidence† of racial animus, i. e. , conscious intent to discriminate on the basis of race. Under the law, â€Å"direct evidence† suggests that the commentary from Pohansky was the equivalent of Pohansky telling the women that they were discharged as a result of their being Black. In other words, he was aware of his prejudicial attitudes toward Black persons and consciously treated them differently as a result. The bad intent caused the illegal discrimi nation to occur, supporting a district court decision (later affirmed) for the plaintiffs.If Pohansky had not made the statements attributed to him, but had instead told the plaintiffs that they were selected because he truly believed they cleaned better than the White woman (based on his own observation), would the result have been the same? He might still have been acting out of prejudice or stereotypes, known or unknown to him, but he would not have exhibited a conscious intention to discriminate. The legal outcome would not be as straightforward. When the behaviors may reflect an unconscious or ambiguous intent to discriminate, the legal system may not recognize them as constituting illegal discrimination (Krieger, 1995).For disparate impact, Fickling et al. v. New York State Department of Civil Service (1995) provides a good example. Juliette Fickling and other plaintiffs were employed as temporary Social Welfare Eligibility Examiners by Westchester County. In 1989 and 1990, ea ch plaintiff took and failed, more than once, the civil service examination for the position of Eligibility Examiner with Westchester County. On March 15, 1991, each plaintiff was terminated because her failing test score precluded her placement on the â€Å"eligible list† for the position of Eligibility Examiner.Each plaintiff, except one, had received satisfactory to excellent performance evaluations from at least one of her supervisors prior to her termination. Initially, access to the position of Eligibility Examiner is controlled by competitive examination; the applicants must attain a score of 70 on the examination to be placed on an Eligibility Examiner â€Å"eligible list. † Plaintiffs had been employed as temporary Eligibility Examiners because Westchester County did not have an â€Å"eligible list† at the time.Temporary Eligibility Examiners may become permanent, however, only by passing the examination. Plaintiffs sued, claiming their termination due to failing the competitive exam was unlawful because the exam had a racially disparate impact on minorities and failed to serve defendants' employment goal of fair competition. It turned out that the examinations had a disparate impact on African Americans and Hispanics in Westchester County and statewide.In Westchester County, the impact ratios (% minority passing/%white passing) at the cutoff score on the 1989 examination ranged from 52.8% to 66. 2% for African-Americans and between 43. 1% and 56. 6% for Hispanics. For the 1990 examination, the pass rate for African-Americans was between 40. 4% and 50. 8% of the white pass rate, while Hispanics passed at between 25. 5% and 34. 9% of the white rate. Because the examinations had a significant disparate impact and defendants have failed to offer credible evidence that the examinations served the legitimate business goal of fair competition in civil service employment, Fickling et al. won the court battle. References Fickling et al. v. New York State Department of Civil Service (1995). United States District Court, Southern District of New York, 909 F. Supp. 185. Krieger, L. H. (1995). The content of our categories: A cognitive bias approach to discrimination and equal employment opportunity. Stanford Law Review, 47, 1161-1248. Paetzold, R. L. (2005). 14 Using Law and Psychology to Inform Our Knowledge of Discrimination. In Discrimination at Work: The Psychological and Organizational Bases, Dipboye, R. L. & Colella, A. (Eds.) (pp. 329-348). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Slack v. Havens (1975). 522 F.2d 1091 (9th Cir. 1975).

Marketing Activities Of The Non Governmental Organisation

CHARITY NAME: ENABLE SCOTLAND REGISTERED CHARITY NUMBER: SC009024 CHARITY TYPE: NON GOVERMENTAL ORGANISATION This essay will firstly critically analyse the marketing activities of the non-governmental organisation ENABLE Scotland, which is Scotland’s leading charity for children and adults with learning disabilities (ENABLE Scotland, 2015). This will be achieved through the use of various business models such as SWOT, PESTLE and STP. The information researched and discussed in depth in the first half of this essay will then be used to help develop a one year marketing plan which will then aid the organisation in reaching its main goals and objectives. With around 120,000 people in Scotland suffering with learning disabilities ENABLE Scotland strives to help and encourage every person to be able to have the choice to control and live the life that they wish to. The charities vision and mission statements are listed below. Vision Statement ‘Every person who has a learning disability will have the choice and control to live the life they choose’ Mission Statement ‘We will campaign with our members to improve the lives of people who live with learning disabilities. We will work with our customers to create personalised services that reflect our values and enable customers to achieve their goals.’ (ENABLE Scotland, 2015) The charity has three main objectives which are to ensure that people who suffer from disability receive the same opportunities in life asShow MoreRelatedTypes Of Organisation And Public Sector Organisations1116 Words   |  5 Pages P1 Types of Organisation Public Sector Organisations Private sector organisations Voluntary sector organisations. 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The Podcast By Maria Hinojosa - 1615 Words

The main purpose of the podcast is to propose a board question, â€Å"Who is an American?†. The podcast was hosted by Maria Hinojosa who tells five different stories from an interview with a famous actor experience in an internment camp during World War II to the elections of 2016 which all revolve around the idea of being an American. In the first story centers on the life of Japanese American actor George Takei, who has firsthand experience of being the enemy in a land he calls home. Throughout the interview he described his experience in the camp and his parent. The older he got, the more he understood about their circumstances. â€Å"When I became a teenager I was reading civic books, history books and reading about the shinning ideals of our†¦show more content†¦This in turn has caused many writers to come to the U.S to seek a better life without fear of being persecuted because of their criticisms of their home government. In Pittsburg, Pennsylvanian a nonprofi t called City of Asylum allows writers who are exiled from their home country to seek refuge in the U.S (Hinojosa,2016). One writer they focus on named Israel Centeno, who is from Venezuela escaped his country do to his writings about the government. They also explain how many have trouble incorporating life in an America which is very distinct from their own home. The idea of â€Å"Who is an American† is presented in a different way where many of the people see the U.S as a safe haven and can express themselves. The next story deals directly to the question of identity in the U.S is a 28-year-old man named Tom Molina-Duarte who was born in Costa Rica from Afro Costa Rican. He was adopted by a white family in the U.S. He explains his journey of understanding himself and his view on being an American. In Hinojosa podcast, Molina-Duarte explains â€Å"I told my parents in changing my name because I want to have a more authentic representation of who I am† (Hinojosa, 2016 ). He decided to change his name and he also explains his experience of facing racism. The last story looks at the political turmoil that has risen in recent years due to outspoken politicians like Donald Trump. Maria Hinojosa sits down with three other people to talk about

Drug Users And Human Services Utilization An Exploratory...

The article â€Å"Injection Drug Users, Crack-Cocaine Users, and Human Services Utilization: An Exploratory Study† by Ashery, Rebecca Sager; Carlson, Robert G.; Falck, Russel S.; Siegal, Harvey A. seeks to understand the perception and experiences of drug users upon utilizing Human Social Services. The research problem being addressed is formulated around the usage of social services programs among injection drug users and crack cocaine users during a two-year period. From the abstract of this article that there are no simple answers to this problem. The research is minimal and the correlation between social services and the drugs users is non-existent. The research problem initially presented clearly within the article. According to ( Ashery, Carlson, Falck, and Siegal, 1995) the usage of examples to support the claims that further examination is required to understand the relationship between drug users and social services. It further explains perceptions and experiences among drug users. However, it would appear that the research problem was expanded to include emerging patterns that were observed over the decades by social workers. The additional information created confusion and difficulties understanding the flow of the document. The author questions if there is a correlation to drug users, the accessibility to basic needs and AIDS risk reduction intervention programs to the reduction. The author made several statements that there is additional supporting evidence that isShow MoreRelatedData Warehouse Case Study4449 Words   |  18 PagesCase Study: A Data Warehouse for an Academic Medical Center Jonathan S. Einbinder, MD, MPH; Kenneth W. Scully, MS; Robert D. Pates, PhD; Jane R. Schubart, MBA, MS; Robert E. 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