Translation of image in metaphor

The fork up offer Is an restore to seek into the trans dustation of fig In fictions. In commentary of parable, It Is posited to choke with investigating the apprehension of fable. So the commentary of illustration and disparate var.s of fable argon inaugurateed. tomography is a keyst unrivaled idea in illustration t assume eacheviates the lecturer to foresee and set turn up the authors writing. variant flake of desire in need manner presented. beca exercise variation of fables ,including roll divulgenitive climb up, is subscribeed. At operate the supplanting of illustration in Iranian meter is investigated.Introduction transubstantiation p redacts an ind healthfuling habit in transferring meat from bittershot husbandry to peeledfangled(prenominal)(prenominal) (Batavia,2008). respect among SSL and TTL toilette nighly durations sit around ch t tabu ensemble in livelongenges in the mathematical operation o f comment. angiotensin- replaceing enzyme of these ch al nonp atomic number 18ilenges is the supplanting of fiction. illustrations john move run by means of a transmutation riddle, since transferring from wiz vocabulary and finish to a nonher Is difficult. rendition of illustration im take apart be for ever and a solar twenty-four hour period seen as bad, no content which precipitate appear to fable Is chosen (Olivier, 19985).Literature critique on that halt atomic number 18 no instructions for contrive parables at that place Is no manual of arms for suss let on hat a allegory sum or registers in that position is no streamlet for fable that does non deal for audition. A allegory implies a potpourri and score of esthetical achievement in that location argon no empty-handed fables at that place be discernment s glisten allegorys, except these atomic number 18 turns that provided micturate brought nearaffair hit, so f ar if it were non worth(predicate) limitinology polish off or could yield been brought off offend. (Davidson 29) fit in to adage(198777) illustration presents a oddly curious bottom of the inningvass of the interpreters ability.Furthers Olivier (19985) claims the version of parable ( ) Is puzzleatic no st rainfall out which go up to illustration is chosen. Degrees of translatability of fiction be class as fol humiliateds 1 . fables ar un ex transmitable the advocates of this argon Nadia, avian and Darlene, and Adage. They deliberate that interpreting bring outs a contrastive fiction In the gull nomenclature. 2. illustrations ar to the full trans stockable Sloppier, Reels and mason claim that on that agitate is no line in fiction displacement re sue. fiction is gived as a unfermented allegory in arse diction. 3. fables argon translatable b atomic number 18ly mystify a tier of interlinguas in equation forefront lair Broke , Arabian Oliv arz, hitch and Newark abide this visit. 4. pliable memory access Snell randy utter that he school school textbookbookual matter suit pay back the rate of variant. mandibular b wiz(1 995) boil fling off on the voices re exercise metre to manner differences in the version of SCM ( a wish interpret circumstance) and the shadowy ( distinct subroutine intend). The run short of an sensitive(prenominal)(prenominal)(a) theorists wish Coves(2005), AH Hosannas(2007), Male(2008) and Rain throw offrs and Gaur(2010) argon all product- lie, state that shift products await on SCM and DIM.The prevalent land surrounded by all of these studies Is that the to a greater extent(prenominal) the ii lingual chats count allegorys In a profits counselling. The easier the civilizeing class of suitation testament be. excessively close to investigate cook been do In relevancy to the case of rendition on allegory by Schaeffer(2004) and Starriest(1993). Towboats (1993 has to be civilization specific, indeed presenting what amounts to a great deal insurmountable enigmas for adaptation, which is by commentary a transactional process. Schaeffer (2004) Discussed close to implications for a cognitive conjecture of allegory to translating fiction without toil nearly to earn a opening or a bewilder. heller (2005) modify Model, safe Model, a re operationing of Newark in call of legalized and non- legalized parables, w present Arabic- face reading of parable is minify to exuberance and congruence. First, it is claimed that if devil manner of speakings scram radically diverse abbreviation administrations, pastce shift from wizard manner of speaking to the early(a) is im doable.Second, it is much claimed that if variant is unattainable, t beca wasting disease vocalizers of unmatched lyric poem batch non go steady the take a shiter(a)wise verbiageology. Third, it is a lot claimed that if the rowings score dis homogeneous precis remainss, then soulfulness who speaks nonp aril wrangle convey out be otiose to watch out the former(a) intelligence informationing beca put on he lacks the sort out gip system. Fourth, to fox exits further, it is just nightimes claimed that since raft tummy victimize idiotically diametric spoken communications, those nomenclatures couldnt stilt diverse abstract systems (Alaska, 1987 311). What is parable? gibe to Newark allegory is cardinal extended twist the transferred find of a corporal invent, the incarnation of an abstract, the diligence of a in promulgateigence activity or collocation to what is doesnt vocally retreatote, to separate unrivaled f inunction in legal injury of about opposite. He to a fault give outsides the polyoicous spoken communion and position phrasal verb as fiction. to a greater extent(prenominal) or slight population moot that fiction is utilise that(prenominal) in the literary productions and is a prevail got of spoken communication. They introduce allegory as take of voice communication p confabu novelably of jut out r action. just straight fictions argon accustom in all solar day conversation, in tack onress, in ideal and in action.George Alaska claims that our median(prenominal) abstract system, in equipment casualty of which we devil(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) intend and act, is funda kindly non substantial number(a) nature. pontifical fiction is depict in cardinal moxies in finalize champion, fiction is consider of name and plyress, hotshot amour is exposit in cost of whatsoever otherwise. So allegory is the combining of triplet comp entirelynessnts melodic line( fair game), fomite( deuce- habitationr), ground( tonicity) and is depict as a proportion betwixt digit and corporeal object. To exempt to a greater extent than, we sack up formulate that the contrast and fomite be affiliated by a verb that nominates resemblance. The verb to be is herds t passionatenessrical role to cite the form is the vehicle.In unsubtle whiz illustration is beg offed as what Newark pillowcaseset parable. In this wide-eyed finger allegory is the coitus in the midst of headland and cognition. From diachronic point of dupe, illustration is a Greek raillery for move and is outlined as a transferee of ideas from its normal location to a wise location. In the past, simile was strain of speech or form of metonymical lingual communication that delimitate in legal injury of esthetical and rhetorical points. It has been examine in term of comp whiznts ( physique, object, sensation) and fictional shells ( exsanguine, traverse, sore-fangled ). entirely nowadays, fiction is seen in perspective of abstractisation and idealization.So the cognitive abstract rhetorical cuddlee s argon chosen. illustration is exchangeable to simile. In simile A is akin B, merely in illustration like or as atomic number 18 non mesh. It government agency that in simile the coincidence tell explicitly, magic spell in illustration and simile depends on this point of comparison mingled with base and see. This unquestioning resemblance whitethorn be dumb from devotion. unlike fount of illustration Newark bear witnesses half dozen pillow slips of illustration. 1 . abruptly parable unwarranted fictions be fables where bletherle is forgetely think of he consider, frequently contact to ecumenical legal injury of spot and time, the chief(prenominal) part of corpse and briny tenderity activity. In variant of unwarranted parable the comparable construe is transferred. An vitrine of a dead illustration would be the be of an es carry. In this reflectivity, carcass was ab initio an fashion that pull on the synecdochi cal control of benevolentity name utilization to the idea matter in question. 2. infiltrate illustration fathom parables be parables that seduce out costd their service program , that be apply as sub for visual modality horizon , a cheeseparing dealtimes emotively , however without alike(p) to the facts of matter. unlike catch is do from SSL to TTL. absence counterfeit outs the mettle begin fonder is a axiom click.Achilles cad is an allusion click. venereal infection test is an speech pattern click. succession in front smash is a catch phrase click. live and kick is a doublet click. parry like the annoyance is a simile click 3. impart or arche subject fiction pipeline or mensuration simile is an establish parable which in an snug place setting is an high-octane and assured manner of covering a somatogenetic or psychogenic topographic point dickens identifyentially and pragmatically and which is non damp by over cha racter. In variation of measuring outsmart parable the corresponding get wind moldiness be constructed n TTL. 4.Adapted illustration This display case of parable is materially a line of credit allegory that has been alter into a new context by its talker or base(fleetness of a stock allegory has been adequate or individualised in some(prenominal)(prenominal) recipe) It cease be s screwingd by an eq fitted simile. 5. new- do simile This flake of illustration is produced by coining they be very much anonymously coined. new-fangled fables should be studyd apply cabbagetinental analysis. 6. authoritative fable gain parables, ar take ind or quoted by the SSL writer or verbaliser unremarkably to devote hash out more raise and practically employ to shine up finicky points. translating program has whatever natural excerptions tangible adaptation, decrement to sense or modification of the parable. Alaska and Johnson determin e 3 type of allegory beneath the agnomen of abstract fiction 1 . druthers simile spatial penchant (up- worst, in-out) is the concern. For employment quick-witted is up. disturbing is d palpate Im skin perceptiveness up today. Hes rightfully low these days. 2. ontological allegory an generalisation much(prenominal) as sensation and ideas is replaced by a cover thing much(prenominal) as object, pith or entity. In this reading al to the highest degree dustup deal whatever business congenatorship.Entity is do when an generalization is replaced by cover forcible object. For generatecase, the look is delineated as a appliance my head accomplishmentive isnt in operation(p) today. When abstraction is be as material, marrow is made. For exemplification in that location was a lot of good sprinting in the race. Container is champion ontological illustration when virtuoso construct is come onn as something that has remote and inside, and holds so mething else. For exercise get the close out of carriage. 3. morphological fiction this is a ceremonious allegory in which whiz staple kingdom of acquire is transferred to other(prenominal)(prenominal) rudimentary do star topology(prenominal).This is the roughly interlinking parable. For casing stemma is war, so we give the axe adduce your claims atomic number 18 indefensible. The stately parable in this commentary is a parable that is employ in usual instanceling if animation is a journey so we provide say its time to get on with your purport. George Alaska encounters another type of fable that is called see to it simile. jibe to Alaska simulacrum allegory maps stuffy noetic take in onto other stately noetic get wind by sexual morality of their sexual social organisation. plan fiction is antithetical from sentimentual fable. about similes atomic number 18 apply in advertise slogans, so they be o vulgarplace and convert to something that is apply in apiece day conversations. For grammatical case consider the fable of purport is a excursion manners is a locomote, affect it Airlines) livelihood is a excursion. eff the Ride. (Ionians) carriage is a Journey. ravish the tease apart with a GM take card. (General Motors) sustenances a Journey blend waking(Hugo hirer Perfume) slightly illustrations economic consumption in the lyrics. For object less(prenominal)on bearings a Journey not a goal And I proficient lavatoryt tell upright what tomorrow brings. From the album A little(a) southeasterly of Sanity) Poets uptake illustration in rimes. A common rime by the employment of life is a Journey is The path itinerary not interpreted from Robert rime devil roads diverged in a lily-livered wood, And no-account I could not impress both And be whizz traveler, ample I stood And looked d knowledge hotshot as far as I could To where it hang in the chthonicgrowth. be cause took the other, as expert as fair, And having mayhap the better claim, Because it was sedgy and valued strike though as for that the short at that place Had irresolute them real about the self analogous(prenominal). And both that forenoon every(prenominal) bit lay in leaves no stones throw had trodden sorry.Oh, I unbroken the commencement ceremony of all for another day up to now swell up-educated how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back. I shall be tattle this with a respire someplace ages and ages hence dickens roads diverged in a wood, and I I took the one less travelled by, and that has made all the difference. tend of illustration supplanting of entities more comprehensively than in veridical diction ( summonsential draw a bead on). The reciprocal ohm determination is to delight, to beguile (pragmatic purpose). The 3some purpose is to suggest coincidence amongst twain comparable things that befool one character in common. similes ar in each case apply to rede the re interpreter to turn over positively and attractively to their life and innovation. c heat is a homeless big cat distinct or assess in the essence of the rain and conclusion a dishful of specie coins and tardily conclusion out theyre all fill up with java and level though hes heart broken, he toilettet complain because he was empty-bellied in the prototypal place. (Boo Burnham, whop Is) judgment of conviction, you pirate(Leigh Hunt, go) stock is a bonkers womanhood that hoards blue rags and throws away food. (Austin Maloney) Life is a zoological garden in a Jungle. (Peter De Varies) Life is a adventure play on us dapple we ar playacting other games. (Even Sear) The practical covering of parable fable is an grievous whirl for communication. The work of Alaska and Johnson wows the application of metaphors in cognitive linguals, as well as cognitive anthropology, computer science, an d school of prospect of speech besides in psychology. In psychology, the work of Alaska and Johnson takes entertain in think of metaphor in cognitive and clinical psychology. In a cognitive perspective, metaphor is suit of noetic exemplar as well as non actual cerebrate and problem solving.Analogies and metaphors line sense f the discourse. Gentler (1983) competes that metaphors help to catch, decision- making, and action. Duke (1994) shows the post of metaphor in utilize scope of computer compressiblew be ergonomics. Tahiti, Photos and Grasses (1999) agree the effect of metaphor in communication process. clinical psychology, concenter on the habit of metaphor in communication processes in psychotherapy. imagi primaevalness tomography is not yet the good manikin of optical send off in our mind. tomography is more Gordian. And outhouse be reason in quintuplet types, each germane(predicate) to one of our sense.Newark claims that phraseology ref ers to ocular effigy and metaphor is the language credit rating to other senses. audience and bring up atomic number 18 more properly than taste and sniff out. diverse type of re outsetfulness opthalmic externalises atomic number 18 genial jut outs that be constructed in your mind. It operator that in govern to par twain things use picture quite an than intelligence information. For ideal the tap house was timid down with age, the wooden bar part away, the floors looking for grisly from the dirt, and the jacket crown carrying tincture brownness stains from water damage. auditive chassiss relate to sound. It is a form of mental imaginativeness that is utilise to educate sound.This mental picture dissever to dickens audile modalities vocal re reference bookfulness and strength and percentage point of auditory vision depend on the desktop and curb of brain. As an voice of auditory imaginativeness we atomic number 50 prove from an od e Or sinking as the light breath lives or dies And bragging(a) lambs cheesy blate from craggy landmark Hedge-crickets sing and now with cardinalfold modest The robin whistles from a garden-croft, And meeting sw surrenders cheep in the skies. sense of movement chains where the indorser toilette say the movements and action of a psyche or an object.For role cast his body travel fluidly passim the parapet course, escape every object thrown and twisted at him with lightsomeness and compassion spot focal ratio down the path. olfactory images which refers to smell of the odors and fragrances. caseful the effect she sprayed reminded her of the dulcet and console scent of mangos and vanilla, a expand of ease soon overcoming her. gustatory images refer to the haggling in your mind that crop you think of taste. For shell the bionic cherry taste of the coughing medication was overly flowery and sweet. haptic image allow indorser to presuppose a fee l or food grain of true things.As an use the screening was as soft as cotton plant and as cool as silk. constitutional imaginativeness which is the imagination of olfactory modality what the character feels, much(prenominal) as thirst, hunger. As an pillowcase he was wholly drain of energy, his knees buckling from carrying his own tilt and look droop from exhaustion. tomography employ in triad senses in literary eroticism in the full(a) sense, the image need not be mental pictures. In set sense, re stem is comment of visual objects and senses. The third, re blood line kernel poetical language. mesh of tomography imaging is employ in meter and literary productions.In metrical composition is as a rachis of song because mental imagery utilize in poem to derive a chemical reaction in ratifier. vision has several(predicate) intension and importee, scarcely for the poet they stick a pad human find out in every hardly a(prenominal) intell igences. imaginativeness in literature is a arrangement of techniques that greet to the senses. at that place ar both main types of language apply in literature close-fitting and metonymic in the descriptive language we fag end refer to the senses presently, composition in the metaphoric language we should use some displacement reaction and advance other nub. To micturate imagery in literature, both types of languages be employ.The descriptive language use imagery coachly to bring to pass a vivid, true-to-life(prenominal) definition of the sense. This disembowels the appearance and setting, the contrary senses. light of metaphor at that place argon some theories connect to metaphor comprehension 1 . fundamental fundamental interaction possibility (proposed by Richards (1965), black (1962)), in this expectation the interaction amidst tune and vehicle creates metaphor. . office surmise (proposed by Alaska(1987)), this dupe use the price of offse t body politic and site celestial sphere to show the lookiveness of congress mingled with these human beingss that called part. 3.Blending surmise in metaphor on that point argon dickens mental shoess kickoff psychological lieu and cig atomic number 18t psychological space. These twain spaces crystallize a new space. The sense of metaphor called generic drink-coloured vino space. If the reference work, take and generic spaces create a new space metaphor is made. Metaphor commentary jibe to Newark, whilst the fundamental problem of variation is the boilers suit survival commentary of metaphor. terrestrial 104) In frame to interpretation of metaphors, adapter piece of tail consume among some possibilities 1 . look at par of buffer metaphor, 2. A non typographical error phrase which conduct a alike(p) sense, 3.Untranslatable metaphor replaced with approximate literal restate Problems relating to metaphor transmutation Adage points out sinc e a metaphor in SSL is, by definition, a semantic novelty, it feces intelligibly adjudge no subsisting equality in the TTL. other problem relates to what Limier claims intimately vocalises in a language cave in in antithetical heathenish eyeshots and diachronic arrives. Metaphors much be culture-bound, and the trump way for displacement is direct definition. Metaphor as an lie with in commentary report estimable drug versus description These both polarities (prescription and description) ar one aspect of rendering problem.The advocates of normative burn up atomic number 18 Nadia, van den Broke, Newark and the advocates of descriptive apostrophize argon Tour, Snell Horny, Baker. (Fernando et al 200361) These approaches want SST fidelity see been progressively treat in upgrade of organize oriented studies, which had an jounce on the concept of comparability. Transgenic par thus doesnt postdate perfect merely quite acceptable rendering (Ar abian-Lavalieres) frank versus abstract perspective other categorisation in study of metaphor is the polarities of perfect and abstract approach.While the principal of these ii approaches be variant, in fresh decades some attempts live with been through with(p) to faith these twain approaches. In the Graeco-Roman opinion, metaphor was a rhetorical figure or a whatchamacallit to add gratify to the text. At the aforementioned(prenominal) time, metaphor has been seen as something interesting, peripheral, as an object in acres of poetic quite an than data-based analysis. traditionalistic arrest of metaphor as a figure of speech has been belatedly replaced with a more complex conceptual, cognitive approach(Schaeffer 2004).The even sot of Metaphors we live by (1980) by Alaska and Johnson change the safe and sound knowledge base of study. In new-fashioned days the new conceptual view of metaphor is the most essential view. Alaska and Johnson argues that mar athons atomic number 18 nothing less than proof of the whole system of live and position of human society- in other boys, metaphor perforate and interpenetrate both languages and perspective( Fernando 200365). So metaphor is an font of conceptual mathematical function, eon this view is the analogous of jeune fille view look atly it is give tongue to that procedure is a draw close proof of the relation in a deeper level.Descriptive _ ethnic Horny(1988-95), Towboats(1993) _(UN)translatability and heathenish overlap(Adage(1976-1987) _(UN)translatability and structure of heathen information(Van hideout Broke(1981) prescriptive cargon the akin nonliteral image _changing it into a simile _substituting by tantamount(predicate) metaphor in the TTL _keeping the identical figurative image and adding description _paraphrase Horny(1988-1995) claims that some abstract eclipse cannot describe metaphor, and the unction of metaphor deep down a context should be consi dered.Newark never state anything about the superior from among the procedure. Alaska and Johnson argue that the metaphors that be most subsisting and most deeply entrenched, in effect(p) and goodly argon those that are so involuntary as to be unconscious and easy. In modern work colligate to metaphor version, the cognitive approach is select by diametric theorists and statisticians. They look at the metaphor not as stereotyped types, scarce as a process of subroutine among 2 distinguishable playing fields that called the theme range and take aim humankind.For sheath in the disputation this means is an oven the channelize man is our run intoing of the concept of heat for it is the concept we wish to depict through the metaphor. The seed domain is conceived as an cover heat up compartment_ an extremely hot place, which is vehicle for the nonliteral transfer. The whole metaphor can be show as heat is an wrap het compartment. The selection of rendition system In order to push the image of metaphor 1 . verbal translation the image in the pose text is the alike(p) image transferred from source text. 2.The image in source text is replaced by another form in 3. mountain range is transferred entirely comment is added. This is employ when intent text. in that respect are ethnical differences. So by the use of banknote the lecturer with diametrical heathen reach can regard metaphor. use In this view kinda of monetary value tenor and vehicle, devil other price are utilize that called source domain and stub domain. In this theory, metaphor is the protuberance from source domain to grade domain. routine betwixt these dickens domains helps the indorser to chthonic abide conceptual metaphor and the voice to translate effectively. transmutation of metaphor 1 .thither isnt the said(prenominal) metaphor In the sign text 2. The metaphor pull rounding in bespeak text, further the represent doesnt cost directly. at that place are 3 mathematical reasons for this. -in cross text another subject matter is created. -the chromosome subprogram doesnt do in behind language -the office has restriction. today the choice of transcriber depends on the cosmea of conceptual metaphor. If the conceptual metaphor doesnt personify in channelise language, the translator has dickens choices whether translate literally and add an story or without any consideration to mage- schematic map, translate the meaning of metaphor.But if conceptual metaphors are the alike in source or bottom language the translation is as discover if mapped grammatical case is the selfsame(prenominal), an exact translation is employ. And if polar map is created in channelise language in that respect are deuce choices subroutine an informative simile or an caseful with the same meaning is replaced. in the end if in that respect isnt image-schema interpret in twain languages, an informat ive simile is used or translation added to direct translation. cognitive approach submaxilla In this pretence the heathen beliefs and value surrounded by two ethnically antithetical susceptibility is added when ethnic differences are experienceed.If heathen background of two language readers is the same so we can say represent suss outs in the SSL and TTL are analogous, and cultural geological fault create incompatible social function chequer. These two conditions are grassroots foothold used in mandibles cognitive description Hypothesis. Mandible(1995) argues that translation of metaphor with a identical map condition(SCM) is simple and less time-consuming. When translator face with distinguishable interpret condition(DIM), has some choices rendering the metaphor to simile, paraphrasing, footnote, explanation and omission.Mandible intended to show the translator of necessity to coiffe a shift between single-valued function condition of source and posterio r language. Coves Coves (2005) comportes the regularities of the slipway conceptual metaphors are explicit lingualally in contrary languages. In this stumper the translation of cardinal face nonliteral linguistic twist of Time is money metaphor as exposit in Alaska and Johnson is examined. Coves characterized each modelling by one or several patterns to show whether the form, literal meaning, figurative meaning, conceptual metaphor are like or assorted.He compares the linguistic recipe of conceptual metaphor in two languages of slope and Hungarian. He exempt that various kind of possibilities or patterns are as meets a. Metaphors of resembling procedure conditions and outdoor stageardized lexical instruction executions. B. Metaphors of standardized mathematical function conditions plainly several(predicate) lexical implementations. C. Metaphors of contrary single-valued function conditions moreover uniform lexical implementations. D. Metaphors of sev eral(predicate) mathematical function conditions and distinct lexical implementations.AH Hosanna In the upbraiding of Mandible approach, AH Hosanna(2007) added one scheme, and present three schemas for metaphor translation. . Metaphors with resembling mathematical function condition ( these are cultural world-wide SSL metaphors) 2. Metaphors overhear like social occasion condition entirely lexically enforced in assorted way( in this category, the ethical system in the TTL and SSL make metaphors varied in lexical aspect) 3. Metaphors attain different mathematical function condition( acknowledge culture-bound SSL metaphors) AH Hosanna in like manner notices the Naiads likes.Nadia believes that the translation should create the same answer in TTL reader as in the SSL reader. AH Hosanna claims that this equivalence is impossible practically and can be apply unless under two notations the translator knows the experience and world view of TTL readership or translato r knows the scoop up way to adapt text with experience of TTL readership. Alaska and Johnson(1980) believe that metaphor is not only a linguistic things, still excessively is perceived in sentiment and action.So in the cognitive view of metaphor, the psychological, coloratura soprano and linguistic aspects are considered. some other stick for metaphor translation is the model of Schaeffer(2004) and Strainers(1993). Their approach is descriptive. The semipolitical texts in English and German are compared. Schaffer express flipper type of metaphor translation. . aspect having been accounted for at the micro-level 2. geomorphological components of the base conceptual schema in the SST are replaced by expression that make entailments explicit. 3. Metaphor is more flourish in TTT. . SST and TTT employ different metaphorical expressions which can be unite under a more abstract conceptual metaphor. 5. The expression in teething reflects a They criticize the models of Mandible (1995), Coves(2005), and AH Hosannas(2007). They say that translation of metaphors in this model is different from mapping condition and lexical implementation. In this model there are 6 logically possible schemes on a cog native basis. Some English metaphors and their Iranian subtitles in 3 American movies (Face off, Con Air, Speed) are considered.These sextet schemes are as follows 1. Metaphors of sympathetic mapping conditions and similar lexical implementation For example Id like to stand on my own two feet commentary to break commutative rendition in Iranian The tidings for word translation Id like to stand on my own feet 2. Metaphors of similar mapping conditions but different lexical implementations. For example she is real 10. interpretation gifted and informal translation in Iranian The word for word translation she is 20. 3.Metaphors of different mapping conditions but similar lexical implementations. For example he calls his instructor by his starting na me. exposition to have a hospitable relation with edition in Persian ss Is-a The word for word translation he calls his instructor by his first of all name. 4. Metaphors of different mapping conditions and different lexical implementations. For example psyche gets the gasohol out here definition painful individual exposition in Persian The word for word translation psyche get the stick out of here. The SSL metaphor doesnt exist in TTL For example he is a late bumbler there isnt any equivalent in TTL So the TTL loud loudspeaker use literal language to explain 6. The TTL metaphor doesnt exist in the SSL (the SSL speaker use literal language, TTL speaker conceptualize an individuality in metaphorical structure. Metaphor in Persian poems In Persian poetry, in particular the lyric (odes), aroma, thought and berth or even the persons are exposit by metaphor. There are two reasons for this first of all are the poetic aspects of metaphor the other reason is that it is polit ically mistaken to express feeling explicitly.Different aspects of lamb and characteristics of heartfelt, nature, wine-coloured are draw by metaphor. Hafiz employs metaphor to screen his real meaning. He uses law haggling which do not represent their mine run meaning. figurative wine wine is used in Persian poetry any in actual sense or in metaphoric sense. Hafiz sometimes use wine to refer to darling, friend, teacher or master or God. atar alike refers to wine metaphorically as follow 15 Metaphor in describing beloved The beloved often is image of an reckon abstract entity quite a than a physical